我要吃瓜

Citation

Gulmohamad Z (2021) Munathamat Badr, from an armed wing to a ruling actor. Small Wars & Insurgencies. https://doi.org/10.1080/09592318.2021.1875310

Abstract
Badr has become a key Shia socio-political-armed organisation in Iraq and has revamped its political and organisational structure. Previously, it was an Iran based and designed Iraqi Shia opposition force, the armed wing of the Supreme Council for the Islamic Revolution in Iraq. Post-2003 it transformed into an incohesive political organisation with an armed wing and engaged in electoral politics. Badr has influenced the state’s apparatus and played a key role in the Popular Mobilisation Forces’ campaign against the Islamic State in Iraq. Primary resources, including interviews, Badr’s media and platforms and publications explain Badr’s approaches and decentralised structure.

Keywords
Badr; popular mobilisation forces; Shia militias; Islamic State; Iran; Iraq; Syria

Notes
Output Status: Forthcoming/Available Online

Journal
Small Wars & Insurgencies