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Citation

Gerhard M, Koussoroplis A, Raatz M, Pansch C, Fey SB, Vajedsamiei J, Calderó‐Pascual M, Cunillera‐Montcusí D, Juvigny‐Khenafou NPD, Polazzo F, Thomas PK, Symons CC, Beklio?lu M, Berger SA & Chefaoui RM (2023) Environmental variability in aquatic ecosystems: Avenues for future multifactorial experiments. Limnology and Oceanography Letters, 8 (2), pp. 247-266. https://doi.org/10.1002/lol2.10286

Abstract
The relevance of considering environmental variability for understanding and predicting biological responses to environmental changes has resulted in a recent surge in variability-focused ecological research. However, integration of findings that emerge across studies and identification of remaining knowledge gaps in aquatic ecosystems remain critical. Here, we address these aspects by: (1) summarizing relevant terms of variability research including the components (characteristics) of variability and key interactions when considering multiple environmental factors; (2) identifying conceptual frameworks for understanding the consequences of environmental variability in single and multifactorial scenarios; (3) highlighting challenges for bridging theoretical and experimental studies involving transitioning from simple to more complex scenarios; (4) proposing improved approaches to overcome current mismatches between theoretical predictions and experimental observations; and (5) providing a guide for designing integrated experiments across multiple scales, degrees of control, and complexity in light of their specific strengths and limitations.

Notes
Additional authors: Kemal Ali Ger, Silke Langenheder, Jens C. Nejstgaard, Robert Ptacnik, Maren Striebel

Journal
Limnology and Oceanography Letters: Volume 8, Issue 2

• Published Version