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Citation

McLeod J, Gell L, Holmes J, Allamani A, Baumberg B, Bjerge B, Buhringer G, Eiroa-Orosa FJ, Forberger S, Frank V, Lingford-Hughes A, Meerkerk G, Meier P, Neumann M & Stead M (2016) Determinants of transitions from harmful to low-risk substance use and gambling. In: Gell L, Bühringer G, McLeod J, Forberger S, Holmes J, Lingford-Hughes A & Meier P (eds.) What Determines Harm from Addictive Substances and Behaviours?. Governance of Addictive Substances and Behaviours Series. Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 113-156. https://global.oup.com/academic/product/what-determines-harm-from-addictive-substances-and-behaviours-9780198746683?cc=gb?=en&#

Abstract
First paragraph: In Chapters 3 and 4 we described, respectively, the determinants of the transition to risky and to harmful substance use and gambling. In this chapter we turn the focus away from problem development towards the factors that influence whether or not an individual transitions out of harmful substance use and gambling. We have conceptualized that harmful substance use and harmful gambling can become less harmful in three distinct ways.  Additional co-authors: Robin Room, Laura Schmidt, Dike Van de Mheen, Reinout Wiers, and Phil Withington