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Citation

Freeman P, Coffee P & Rees T (2011) The PASS-Q: The Perceived Available Support in Sport Questionnaire. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 33 (1), pp. 54-74. http://journals.humankinetics.com/jsep-back-issues/jsep-volume-33-issue-1-february/The-PASS-QThe-Perceived-Available-Support-in-Sport-Questionnaire

Abstract
This article provides initial evidence for the construct validity of the Perceived Available Support in Sport Questionnaire (PASS-Q), which assesses emotional, esteem, informational, and tangible support. In Study 1, con analyses provided evidence for a four-dimension factor structure. Correlations supported hypothesized relationships between the PASS-Q dimensions and the Social Support Survey questions (Richman, Rosenfeld, & Hardy, 1993). In Study 2, the four-dimension factor structure was supported in an independent sample. Further, higher levels of perceived available emotional, esteem, informational, and tangible support were associated with higher levels of self-con levels of burnout. Researchers are encouraged to use the PASS-Q to examine the effects of perceived available support in sport contexts.!rmatory factor!dence and lower

Keywords
burnout; confirmatory factor analysis; self-confidence; social support; sport psychology

Journal
Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology: Volume 33, Issue 1

• Freeman et al. (2011) JSEP.pdf