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Citation

Mann AJ (2011) The Scottish Parliaments - The Role Of Ritual and Procession in the pre-1707 Parliament and the New Parliament from 1999. In: Nieddu A & Soddu F (eds.) Assemblee rappresentative, autonomie territoriali, culture politiche - Representative Assembles, Territorial Autonomies, Political Cultures. Studies Presented to the International Commission for the History of Representative and Parliamentary Institutions, LXXXIX. Representative Assemblies, Territorial Autonomies; Political Cultures: 59th conference of the International Commission for the History of Representative and Parliamentary Institutions, Alghero, Sardinia, 09.07.2008-12.07.2008. Sassari, Italy: Editrice Democratica Sarda, pp. 239-252.

Abstract
First paragraph: Whether in modern parliaments - no taxation without representation - or in medieval and early modern equivalents - no representation without taxation - members, elected or appointed, were and are representatives: representatives of nation, of social class and of economic group. The pageantry deployed at parliaments, articulated with the symbolism of sovereignty and tradition, are necessary to underscore the legitimate role of these peoples' representatives and their relationship to sovereign power. This is seen most clearly in state openings of parliament as carried out within the available space and geography of ritual.

Keywords
parliaments; ritual; monarchy